Adapted from the presentation ‘COPD – Where are we now?’, which took place at the Frontiers in Respiratory Medicine meeting, October 21st, 2011. MIMS Ireland Copyright®
Update on COPD
January 1, 2012 By Leave a Comment
Prevalence Moderate and Severe COPD affects one in 10 people The prevalence of COPD is increasing in Ireland, and COPD is expected to be the third cause of death by 2020. BOLD, a worldwide study including close to 10,000 participants, aimed to measure the prevalence of COPD, its risk factors and their variation across countries [...]
New therapeutic targets in asthma
January 1, 2012 By Leave a Comment
Towards endotype-specific therapy Phenotypes vs Endotypes One way to classify asthma involves identifying the phenotypes of asthma – that is the clusters of properties observed in different types of asthma. Criteria related to clinical aspects (e.g. severity and frequency of exacerbations, airflow restriction, age of onset, treatment effect), type of inflammatory cells (eosinophils or neutrophils) [...]
Prevention of atopic disease in children – Guidelines
December 1, 2011 By Leave a Comment
Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in children Major Recommendations The following recommendations summarise the current evidence related to allergy prevention through dietary interventions, keeping in mind that some aspects are currently uncertain due to inadequate study design or paucity of data. 1. There is a current lack of evidence [...]
Supplementation of infant formula with probiotics / prebiotics
December 1, 2011 By 1 Comment
Infant formulae are increasingly being supplemented with probiotics, prebiotics, or both (see box for definitions). Recommendations for using probiotic- and/or prebiotic-supplemented formulae should be determined by their nutritional adequacy, potential short- and long-term benefits, and safety of continued administration. The Committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) systematically [...]
Vitamin D status among adolescents in Europe
December 1, 2011 By Leave a Comment
New results from the HELENA study show that vitamin D deficiency is a highly prevalent condition in European adolescents. HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) is a wide-ranging project financially supported by the European Union, which is designed to understand and enhance nutritional and lifestyle habits of adolescents in Europe. The nutritional [...]
Management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
November 1, 2011 By Leave a Comment
Key messages ● Selective screening for GDM should be carried out on identified at risk pregnant women between 24-28 weeks gestation using the 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). ● Once GDM is diagnosed (see Table 3), patient education, diet and lifestyle alteration, blood glucose monitoring and regular maternal and foetal surveillance is recommended. ● [...]
Quick guide to antenatal care for women with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes
November 1, 2011 By Leave a Comment
Antenatal Care (Types 1 & 2 diabetes) by trimester 1st Trimester Book as soon as pregnancy is confirmed in combined diabetes/obstetric clinic for diabetes and obstetric assessment Review foetal risk/maternal benefit ratio of present medication, and commence/continue folic acid 5mg daily. Type 2: Commence insulin as necessary Refer to dietitian for initial review Perform baseline [...]
Blood Glucose Monitoring in the Pregnant and non Pregnant population
November 1, 2011 By Leave a Comment
Table 1: WHO recommendations for the diagnostic criteria for diabetes and intermediate hyperglycaemia in the non pregnant population. Diabetes Fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0mmol/l or 2–h plasma glucose* ≥11.1mmol/l Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) Fasting plasma glucose <7.0mmol/l and 2–h plasma glucose* ≥7.8 and <11.1mmol/l Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) Fasting plasma glucose 6.1 to 6.9mmol/l and (if [...]
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