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Clinical Times: Nutrition

All entries for Nutrition

Morbidly obese would live longer with surgery

03 February 2010

A computerised model has suggested that most morbidly obese individuals would likely live longer if they had gastric bypass surgery, according to a new study. Available evidence suggests that dietary, behavioural and pharmacologic treatments frequently do not result in meaningful... Read more

Prevalence of obesity may be slowing down

03 February 2010

The prevalence of adults who are obese is still high, with about one-third of adults obese in 2007-2008, although new data suggest that the rate of increase for obesity in recent decades may be slowing, according to a new report... Read more

New computerised weighing scale targets childhood obesity rate

13 January 2010

A new computerised device that tracks portion size and how fast people eat is more successful in helping obese children and adolescents lose weight than standard treatments, according to research in the BMJ. The Mandometer device, a portable computerised weighing... Read more

Costs of Mediterranean diet may put people off

07 January 2010

Mediterranean diets may be healthier, but they also trim the wallet, which may put people off, a new study has suggested. Researchers assessed the dietary patterns of more than 11,000 Spanish university graduates in 2008.... Read more

The role of surgery for morbid obesity

Mr Oliver McAnena and Dr Helen M Heneghan | 10 December 2009

Mr Oliver McAnena and Dr Helen M Heneghan examine the issue of obesity which Irish GPs believe to be the greatest threat to the health of the Irish population... Read more

Children of working mums have unhealthier lifestyles

28 October 2009

Children whose mothers go out to work are likely to lead unhealthier lifestyles than those whose mums don’t work, new research has found. The researchers based their findings on more than 12,500 five-year-old singleton children who were part of the... Read more

Top Tips in lipid management

Prof Ian Graham | 22 October 2009

In our on-going 'Top Tips' series, Prof Ian Graham and colleagues offer top tips on dyslipidaemia... Read more

Obesity can be tackled in schools

07 October 2009

An interdisciplinary programme designed to increase awareness of obesity and change the behaviours of schoolchildren appears to have reduced the amount of sugary beverages consumed by boys and girls and also improved body composition in girls alone, but did not... Read more

Low self-control in children leads to risk of fat teenagers

30 September 2009

Young children who do not display an ability to regulate their behaviour or to delay gratification in exchange for a larger reward appear predisposed to gain extra weight by their pre-teen years, according to two new reports. In the first... Read more

The Maudsley maintenance model for anorexia nervosa

Natalya Anderson | 17 September 2009

Natalya Anderson reports on a treatment method for anorexia that focuses on thinking style, emotional style and the interpersonal nature of the patient... Read more

Treating the problem of faltering growth in infants

Deborah Griffin | 03 September 2009

Deborah Griffin looks at the issue of faltering infant growth and examines some ways to tackle the problem through behavioural change and food supplementation... Read more

Childhood calcium/dairy lowers mortality

19 August 2009

New evidence suggests that children who have a diet high in calcium and who consume dairy products may have a lower mortality rate compared with those who do not. A 65-year follow up of a study into the eating habits... Read more

Joint-replacement surgery in the obese patient

Mr Mark Jackson | 13 August 2009

Mr Mark Jackson looks at the effects that obesity can have on the joints and whether a patient's body mass index can affect the results of joint-replacement surgery... Read more

Online games promote healthy eating for kids

12 August 2009

Children who play an online game promoting healthy foods and beverages appear more likely to choose nutritious snacks than those who play a game promoting unhealthy products. Researchers conducted a study involving 30 low-income, African American children aged 9 to... Read more

Diet of fatty fish found to curb progress of age-related macular degeneration

Online First British Journal of Ophthalmology | 10 July 2009

Two to three portions of fatty fish eaten weekly could help stave off progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), according to researchers. The researchers based their findings on almost 3,000 people, all of whom were taking part in a supplements... Read more

Mediterranean diets may lower heart and stroke risk

Circulation | 24 February 2009

Women whose diets most closely match the traditional Mediterranean diet — high in monounsaturated fat, plant proteins, whole grains and fish — are significantly less likely to develop heart disease and stroke, according to American researchers. In a study of... Read more

Use of multivitamins is not linked to the risk of heart disease in older women

Gary Culliton | 20 February 2009

Postmenopausal women who take multivitamins appear to have the same risk of most cardiovascular disease, common cancers or dying of any cause as women who do not take multivitamin supplements, according to a new report. The report follows a US... Read more

Mediterranean diet found to reduce risk of cognitive impairment

Archives of Neurology | 17 February 2009

Eating a Mediterranean diet appears to be associated with less risk of mild cognitive impairment or of transitioning from mild cognitive impairment into Alzheimer’s, according to a new report. It studied 1,393 individuals with no cognitive problems and 482 patients... Read more

Hospitals audit to help nutrition

Mary Anne Kenny | 20 January 2009

Nutrition Day in European Hospitals takes place on January 29, when a cross-sectional audit in healthcare institutions will assess the prevalence of malnutrition at hospital admission. Mary Anne Kenny reports Ireland’s hospitals currently have no statistics available to analyse their... Read more

Balancing efficacy and life quality

13 January 2009

"Nearly half of all patients and three quarters of patients younger than 70 believe that a six-monthly LHRH agonist would significantly improve their quality of life" (12) — Prof Bertrand Tombal. Prof John Fitzpatrick, Consultant Urologist, Mater Hospital in Dublin... Read more

Taking vitamin D levels seriously

Dr Muhammad Haroon, Dr Mark J. Phelan and Dr Michael J. Regan | 05 December 2008

Dr Muhammad Haroon, Dr Mark J. Phelan and Dr Michael J. Regan explain the definition and causes of vitamin D deficiency and look at some Irish studies which have examined rates of vitamin deficiency here Vitamin D deficiency is preventable... Read more

Kids who live with smokers less likely to get good food

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine | 17 November 2008

Children and adults living with adult smokers appear less likely to have daily access to enough healthy food compared with those living with non-smoking adults, according to a new report. The report followed a study in which American doctors analysed... Read more

Folic acid, B vitamins do not appear to affect cancer risk

JAMA | 17 November 2008

A daily supplementation combination that included folic acid and vitamin B6 and B12 had no significant effect on the overall risk of cancer, including breast cancer, among women at high risk of cardiovascular disease, according to a new study. In... Read more

Makers of junk food should be regulated, says law professor

BMJ Online First | 21 October 2008

A leading professor of law has claimed that businesses selling junk food should be held accountable and made to improve public health through strict regulation. Stephen Sugarman, professor of law at the University of California at Berkeley, said businesses will... Read more

Calorie restriction does not appear to induce bone loss

Archives of Internal Medicine | 09 October 2008

Adults who follow a diet that is low in calories but nutritionally sound for six months appear to lose weight and fat without significant bone loss, according to a new report.In the study, doctors enrolled 46 healthy, overweight men and... Read more

Ask the consultant... about hyperlipidaemia and statins

08 October 2008

In the first of a new bi-monthly series Irish Medical Times — in association with MSD Science Centre — has asked GPs to submit questions for consultants. In this first article, Prof John Feely responds to questions on hyperlipidaemia and... Read more

Management of cow’s milk allergy in the GP setting

19 September 2008

When stressed-out parents present yet again in the GP practice with an infant that is described as ‘inconsolable’, is allergy one of the first possibilities that comes to mind? Quite often, by the time a parent asks for help, they... Read more

Diet Protects from chronic diseases

BMJ Online First | 17 September 2008

Sticking to a full Mediterranean diet provides substantial protection against major chronic diseases including heart disease, cancer and Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, according to a new study. A ‘score’ based on adherence to the Mediterranean diet could be used as... Read more

Eating nuts and popcorn may protect men against diverticulitis

JAMA | 15 September 2008

Contrary to a common belief that eating popcorn, nuts and corn may increase the risk for diverticular complications, a large prospective study of men has found that the consumption of these foods may actually reduce the risk of diverticulitis and... Read more

Findings challenge glucose control practice for critically-ill patients

13 September 2008

An analysis of randomised trials indicates that for critically-ill surgical patients, tight glucose control is not associated with a significantly reduced risk of death in the hospital, but is associated with an increased risk of hypoglycaemia, calling into question the... Read more

Low vitamin D levels in women contribute to pain

Online First Annals of Rheumatic Diseases | 12 September 2008

Low vitamin D levels may contribute to chronic pain among women, according to new research. The findings are based on the blood analyses and pain scores of almost 7,000 45-year-old men and women from across England, Scotland, and Wales, all... Read more

Poor co-ordination in childhood is linked to obesity in later life

10 September 2008

Poor physical control and co-ordination in childhood are linked to an increased risk of obesity in later life, suggests a study published on BMJ.com. The research contributes to a growing body of evidence on the link between poorer cognitive function... Read more

Early-life nutrition is linked to intellectual functioning in adults

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine | 29 August 2008

Adults who had improved nutrition in early childhood may score better on intellectual tests, regardless of the number of years they attended school, according to a new report. Between 1969 and 1977, Guatemalan children in four villages participated in a... Read more

Recent progress in neonatology

27 August 2008

Dr Kate Bruton and Dr David Corcoran write about advances made in the field of neonatology, which have gradually reduced the threshold for viability of preterm infants Preterm infants born without respiratory distress have been surviving with incubator care and... Read more

Sugar-sweetened beverages associated with diabetes risk

Archives of Internal Medicine 2008;168:1487-1492 | 09 August 2008

Drinking more soft drinks and fruit drinks is associated with an increased risk for diabetes, a new study has found. In the study, researchers examined the association between type 2 diabetes, weight gain and the consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks... Read more

Reduced intake of fruit and vegetables linked to bigger diabetes risk

08 August 2008

Eating fewer fruits and vegetables may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, according to a new study. In the study, researchers analyzed blood vitamin C levels and fruit and vegetable intake in 21,831 individuals who did... Read more

Exercise advice is not enough for overweight women

Archives of Internal Medicine 2008;168:1550-1559 | 07 August 2008

In addition to limiting calories, overweight and obese women may need to exercise 55 minutes a day for five days per week to sustain a weight loss of 10 per cent over two years, according to a new report. In... Read more

Increase in number of people who fail to recognise they are overweight

BMJ Online First | 02 August 2008

More and more people are failing to recognise they are overweight, despite an actual rise in the number of people who are clinically overweight or obese, according to new research. Researchers from the Health Behaviour Research Centre at University College... Read more

Focus on children's and infants' diet

Gary Culliton | 27 July 2008

Gary Culliton reports on the latest developments in paediatric nutrition — as reported to a recent meeting in Dublin — and the success that some clinicians are having treating some newly-diagnosed Crohn's patients. The aim of paediatric nutritional intervention is... Read more

Low vitamin D levels linked with death from all causes in the elderly

Archive of Internal Medicine | 11 July 2008

Older individuals with lower blood levels of vitamin D appear to have an increased risk of death overall and from cardiovascular causes, according to a new study. A recent consensus panel estimated that about 50 per cent to 60 per... Read more

Omega-3 fatty acids lessen risk of age-related macular degeneration

Archives of Ophthalmology 2008;126:826-833 | 03 July 2008

Eating fish and other foods high in omega-3 fatty acids is associated with reduced risk of the eye disease age-related macular degeneration (AMD), according to a new meta-analysis. The researchers conducted a systematic review of studies published before May 2007... Read more

Risk factors for eating disorders vary by gender

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine | 27 June 2008

Risk factors for binge eating and purging may vary between boys and girls and by age group in girls, according to a new report. In the study, doctors analysed data from 1996 to 2003 in 6,916 girls and 5,618 boys... Read more

Weight gain can lead to kidney disease

26 June 2008

Healthy individuals who gain weight, even to a weight still considered normal, are at risk for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a new study which suggests that CKD should be added to the list of conditions that are... Read more

Vitamin D deficiency linked to heart attacks

Archives of Internal Medicine | 25 June 2008

Low levels of vitamin D appear to be associated with higher risk of myocardial in-farction in men, according to a new report. Doctors reviewed medical records and blood samples of 454 men who had non-fatal heart attack or fatal heart... Read more

Alcoholic liver disease – the tip of a large iceberg

Prof John Crowe | 20 June 2008

Prof John Crowe writes about the growing problem of excess alcohol consumption in Ireland and the long-term serious liver problems that can face those who over-indulge. That the Irish have become a nation of heavy drinkers surpassing our European neighbours... Read more

Obese population uses 18 per cent more food energy

The Lancet 2008; 371:1661 | 30 May 2008

Promotion of healthy urban transport policies, such as walking and cycling, would help reduce both world oil demand and global food insecurity — not only through less car use overall, but by reducing the excess demands on food and car... Read more

Breastfeeding improves kids' IQ

Archives of General Psychiatry 2008;65:578-584 | 22 May 2008

Long-term, exclusive breastfeeding appears to improve children’s cognitive development, according to a new report. In the study, doctors conducted a randomised trial of a breastfeeding promotion programme involving patients at 31 maternity hospitals and affiliated clinics in Belarus. Between June... Read more

Low levels of vitamin D linked to depression in older adults

Archives of General Psychiatry 2008;65:508-512 | 20 May 2008

Older adults with low blood levels of vitamin D and high blood levels of parathyroid hormone have a higher risk of depression, according to a new report. The report followed a study by Dutch doctors of the connection between blood... Read more

Education on diet and smoking could improve indigenous cancer rates

The Lancet Oncology 2008;9:473-484 | 16 May 2008

Education on screening programmes, diet and smoking could tackle higher mortality rates among indigenous peoples, researchers have claimed. That claim follows revelations that native residents of Hawaii and New Zealand have much higher mortality rates for many cancers than the... Read more

Drinking minerals linked to increased risk of gout in men

http://press.psprings.co.uk/bmj/february/gout.pdf | 12 February 2008

Consumption of sugar- sweetened soft drinks and fructose is strongly associated with an increased risk of gout in men, a new study has found. Conventional dietary recommendations for gout have focused on the restriction of alcohol and meat, but with... Read more

Low vitamin E levels linked to physical decline in elderly

JAMA 2008;299:308-315 | 05 February 2008

Low serum concentration of vitamin E is associated with physical decline for older persons, according to a new study. In the study, doctors randomly selected 698 patients 65 years or older from a population registry in Tuscany, Italy. To measure... Read more

Undernourished stroke patients have worse outcomes

Archives of Neurology 2008;65:39-43 | 01 February 2008

Patients who are undernourished when they enter the hospital with an acute ischemic stroke are likely to remain undernourished in the hospital and may have worse clinical outcomes, according to a new report. The report followed a study by doctors... Read more

Multiple nutrients are better than iron and folic acid alone

The Lancet 2008;371:215-227 | 01 February 2008

Multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMN) for pregnant women is more effective than iron and folic acid supplementation (IFA) alone at preventing early infant death and foetal loss, a new trial has found. In the trial, doctors studied 31,290 of pregnant women... Read more

Vitamin D2 link to winter accidents

Archives of Internal Medicine 2008;168:103-108 | 25 January 2008

Supplements of vitamin D2 appear to reduce the risk of falls among women with a history of falling and low blood vitamin D-levels living in sunny climates, especially during the winter, according to a new report. According to the report,... Read more

Mediterranean pregnancy diet helps childhood asthma levels

Online First Thorax | 18 January 2008

Mothers-to-be who eat a Mediterranean diet while pregnant could help stave off the risks of asthma and allergy in their children, according to new research. The findings are based on 468 mother and child pairs, who were tracked from pregnancy... Read more

Beta carotene fortifies cognition

Archives of Internal Medicine | 30 November 2007

Men who take beta carotene supplements for 15 years or longer may have less cognitive decline. Researchers assessed the antioxidant beta carotene and its effect on cognitive ability in two groups of men. A long-term group included 4,052 men who,... Read more

Whole-grain cereals reduce heart failure

Archives of Internal Medicine | 16 November 2007

Men who consume a higher amount of whole-grain breakfast cereals may have a reduced risk of heart failure, according to a new report. In the study, researchers analysed the association between breakfast cereal intake and new cases of heart failure... Read more

'Can do better' on salt levels in food

28 September 2007

The Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI) has stressed that recent labelling laws governing claims on salt content in foods will be beneficial for consumers, as manufacturers will have to abide to minimum salt levels to be able to state... Read more

Vitamin D supplements are linked to lower risk of death

Archives of Internal Medicine | 21 September 2007

Individuals who take vitamin D supplements appear to have a lower risk of death from any disease over an average follow-up time of six-years, according to a meta-analysis of 18 previously published studies. Studies previously suggested that deficiencies in vitamin... Read more

Food supplements to treat diabetes and atherosclerosis

14 September 2007

The health benefits of cutting down on dietary saturated fatty acids and including higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids are well documented in medical literature. Nutritional research is focusing on the effects of incorporating these healthier fatty acids, such as... Read more

Not all probiotic products effective against diarrhoea

BMJ | 07 September 2007

Several probiotic products are marketed as effective treatments for acute diarrhoea in children, but a new study has found that not all of these preparations are effective. In the study, researchers at the University of Naples tested five different preparations... Read more

Calcium can help reduce fractures

The Lancet | 07 September 2007

Calcium supplementation alone, or in combination with vitamin D supplementation, reduces the risk of fractures in people aged over 50 years by 12 per cent, according to a new meta-analysis of previous studies. Researchers pooled findings from 17 studies featuring... Read more

Dairy products shown to protect against metabolic syndrome

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health | 27 July 2007

A daily pint of milk or a helping of dairy foods protect against metabolic syndrome, according to a new study. The syndrome, which has been linked to an increased risk of diabetes, coronary artery disease, and premature death, was defined... Read more

Doubling the doses of vitamin A not shown to have beneficial effects

The Lancet 2007;369:2088-2096 | 06 July 2007

Giving mothers and children in developing countries twice the WHO recommended doses of vitamin A, as suggested by an international vitamin group, does not have a beneficial effect, including protection against Helicobacter pylori infection. According to background information supplied with... Read more

Drinking coffee can protect against blindness-causing eyelid spasm

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry | 29 June 2007

People who drink coffee are less likely to develop blepharospasm, which can leave patients effectively blind, according to research. The effect was proportional to the amount of coffee drank, with one to two cups per day are required for the... Read more

Combating infectious disease with probiotics

22 June 2007

UCC scientists have discovered that probiotic bacteria can protect against bacterial infection. The work carried out in the Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre (APC) in UCC was published recently in the prestigious scientific journal, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.... Read more

New EC nutrition guidelines

15 June 2007

The European Commission has adopted a White Paper setting out a wide range of proposals on how the EU can tackle nutrition, overweight and obesity related health issues. It stresses the importance of enabling consumers to make informed choices, ensuring... Read more

New EC nutrition guidelines

15 June 2007

The European Commission has adopted a White Paper setting out a wide range of proposals on how the EU can tackle nutrition, overweight and obesity related health issues. It stresses the importance of enabling consumers to make informed choices, ensuring... Read more

Omega-3 and fish lower risk of age-related macular disease

Archives of Ophthalmology 2007;125:661-669, 671-679 | 08 June 2007

Individuals who have higher dietary intake of foods with omega-3 fatty acids and higher fish consumption have a reduced risk of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD), while those with higher serum levels of vitamin D may have a reduced risk... Read more

An egg a day is still OK

Paula Mee | 08 June 2007

“Phew- great… I’m delighted to hear you recommend eating whole eggs rather than egg whites or fat-free substitutes. I’m really thrilled I can eat four to six whole eggs a week even though my cholesterol is high. I always thought... Read more

Mediterranean diet halves risk of COPD

Thorax | 25 May 2007

A Mediterranean diet can halve the chance of developing COPD, according to a new study. In the study, researchers tracked the health of almost 43,000 men. The participants were asked questions about lifestyle, including smoking and exercise, diet and medical... Read more

Chondroitin is not good for joint pain

Annals of Internal Medicine 2007;146:580-590 | 04 May 2007

The dietary supplement chondroitin does not prevent or reduce knee or hip pain from osteoarthritis any better than placebo, a new study has found. Researchers conducted an extensive literature search for a meta-analysis and selected 20 trials– with a total... Read more

Mediterranean diet wards off childhood respiratory allergies

Thorax | 27 April 2007

A Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables and nuts protects against allergic rhinitis and asthma symptoms, according to new research. The researchers assessed the dietary habits, respiratory symptoms, and allergic reactions of almost 700 children living in four rural areas... Read more

Folic acid supplements in early pregnancy reduces risk of cleft lip

BMJ | 09 February 2007

Taking folic acid supplements in early pregnancy seems to substantially reduce the risk of cleft lip, a new study says. It is known that taking folic acid in early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects. The recommended daily... Read more

Folate levels could reduce Alzheimer’s

Archives of Neurology 2007;64:86-92 | 19 January 2007

Individuals who take in higher levels of the nutrient folate through both diet and supplements may have a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, according to a new report. In the study, doctors examined, interviewed and assessed the diets of... Read more

Prenatal multivitamins may aid birth weight

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2007;161:58-64 | 19 January 2007

Undernourished women who take a vitamin and mineral supplement while pregnant may be less likely than women taking only iron and folic acid supplements to have babies weighing less than 2,500gm, according to a new report. In the study, Indian... Read more

EU charter aims to fight obesity

08 December 2006

The Irish Heart Foundation says the landmark European Charter on Counteracting Obesity has not got the coverage it deserves. Irish Medical Times prints an edited version of the document 1.1 The epidemic of obesity poses one of the most serious... Read more

Folic acid cuts heart disease

BMJ 2006;333:1114-1117 | 08 December 2006

The scientific evidence is strong enough to justify using folic acid as a cheap and simple way of reducing heart disease and strokes, according to researchers. That advice followed an analysis of the debate over whether raised homocysteine levels in... Read more