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Clinical Times: August 2009

Medical and surgical management of tears in the anal canal

Mr Talha Manzoor | 27 August 2009 | Gastro-intestinal

Mr Talha Manzoor looks at the aetiology of anal fissure and outlines some of the surgical and medical methods used to treat and manage the condition... Read more

S. aureus and issues of infection control

27 August 2009 | Infections & Immunology

Dr Karina O'Connell, Dr Sarah Bergin and Prof Martin Cormican look at meticillin-resistant S. aureus and examine the pros and cons of screening, isolation and cohorting in infection control... Read more

Diabetes drug linked to increased risk of heart failure

26 August 2009 | Diabetes

Rosiglitazone, which is used to treat type 2 diabetes, is associated with an increased risk of heart failure and death among older patients compared to pioglitazone, a new study has concluded. In light of such findings, the study’s researchers have... Read more

Diabetes adds to death risk after heart attack

26 August 2009 | Diabetes

Women may have a slightly higher risk of death than men in the 30 days after a heart attack or other acute coronary syndrome (ACS), largely because of their rate of diabetes and other complicating clinical factors. Researchers evaluated the... Read more

Antioxidants not linked with extra melanoma risk

26 August 2009 | Skin

Antioxidant supplements do not appear to be associated with an increased risk of mela-noma, according to a new study. That finding conflicts with the results of a previous randomised trial of antioxidants for cancer prevention, which found that daily supplementation... Read more

Teens who give birth more likely to be overweight

26 August 2009 | Women's Health

Girls who give birth between the ages of 15 and 19 years appear to be substantially heavier, with more abdominal fat, regardless of their childhood weight or of other risk factors for weight gain, a new study has found. In... Read more

Pioneer who improved care of the disabled

Prof Conor Ward | 20 August 2009 | Mental Health & CNS

Prof Conor Ward on the life and achievements of John Langdon Down — who identified the condition that carries his name and radically improved standards of care... Read more

Diagnosis and treatment of Crohn's and ulcerative colitis

Dr Eoin Slattery | 20 August 2009 | Gastro-intestinal

Dr Eoin Slattery differentiates between the two inflammatory bowel diseases — ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease — and looks at methods of diagnosis and different treatment options.... Read more

A new approach to treating eczema

Gary Culliton | 20 August 2009 | Skin

Gary Culliton reports on a recent conference in Prague where a new approach to treating Atopic Dermatitis was discussed... Read more

Intensive treatment lowers complications

19 August 2009 | Diabetes

The rates of serious complications among individuals with type 1 diabetes appear lower than reported historically, especially when patients are treated intensively, according to new research. The report followed a study in which researchers reviewed findings from the Diabetes Control... Read more

High intensity exercise can reduce the likelihood of death from cancer

19 August 2009 | Cancer

People who are more active and exercise harder are less likely to develop cancer and die, according to new research. Researchers from the universities of Kuopio and Oulu in Finland studied 2,560 men aged between 42 and 61 from eastern... Read more

Childhood calcium/dairy lowers mortality

19 August 2009 | Nutrition

New evidence suggests that children who have a diet high in calcium and who consume dairy products may have a lower mortality rate compared with those who do not. A 65-year follow up of a study into the eating habits... Read more

Managing heart failure for patients

Dr Brendan McAdam and Ms Clare Lewis | 13 August 2009 | Cardiovascular

Dr Brendan McAdam and Ms Clare Lewis explain the thinking behind the establishment of the Heart Failure unit at Beaumont Hospital and its success in managing and treating patients suffering from heart failure... Read more

Joint-replacement surgery in the obese patient

Mr Mark Jackson | 13 August 2009 | Nutrition

Mr Mark Jackson looks at the effects that obesity can have on the joints and whether a patient's body mass index can affect the results of joint-replacement surgery... Read more

Antipsychotic drugs increase hospital risk for diabetics

12 August 2009 | Diabetes

Older patients with diabetes who take antipsychotic medications appear to have an increased risk of hospitalisation for hyperglycaemia, especially soon after beginning treatment, according to a new report. The report followed a study of 13,817 individuals aged 66 years or... Read more

Online games promote healthy eating for kids

12 August 2009 | Nutrition

Children who play an online game promoting healthy foods and beverages appear more likely to choose nutritious snacks than those who play a game promoting unhealthy products. Researchers conducted a study involving 30 low-income, African American children aged 9 to... Read more

Higher levels of protein lowers risk of diabetes

11 August 2009 | Diabetes

Patients with higher levels of adiponectin, a protein that is produced in the body by fat cells and that has anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitising properties, have an associated lower risk of type 2 diabetes — according to a new analysis of... Read more

Adult cancer survivors have risk of psychological distress

11 August 2009 | Cancer

Long-term survivors of cancer that developed in adulthood are at increased risk of experiencing serious psychological distress, according to a new American report. The report followed a study in which doctors reviewed a cross-sectional in-person survey conducted annually by the... Read more

The value of patterns of 24-hour ambulatory BP

07 August 2009 | Cardiovascular

Prof Eoin O'Brien writes that patterns of 24-hour ambulatory blood-pressure are very valuable in clinical practice... Read more

Improving the safety of early newborn hospital discharge

07 August 2009 |

Dr Michelle McEvoy, Fiona Hanrahan and Prof Tom Clarke outline the early discharge guideline policies in the Rotunda Hospital, to ensure the health and the safety of new mothers and their babies... Read more

Camera phones can help diagnose uncommon rheumatology problems

06 August 2009 | Musculoskeletal

Taking photographs or video of unusual symptoms on an ordinary camera phone can help doctors diagnose uncommon problems, including rheumatology conditions, according to researchers. One example of such a diagnosis came from doctors in Norway, who described the case of... Read more

Antihypertensive drugs may boost cataract surgery risk in older patients

06 August 2009 | Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat

Certain types of anti-hypertensive drugs seem to increase the risk of corrective cataract surgery, new Australian research has suggested. The Australian researchers tracked the eye health of over 3,500 people for between five and 10 years.... Read more

Cervical screening in some ages may have little impact

06 August 2009 | Cancer

Cervical screening for women aged 20 to 24 years has little or no impact on rates of invasive cervical cancer up to age 30, a new study has found. Researchers studied the impact of screening on risk of cervical cancer... Read more

Polyunsaturated fat may be linked to onset of ulcerative colitis

06 August 2009 | Gastro-intestinal

A high intake of linoleic acid, a common dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid, might be implicated in a third of ulcerative colitis cases, according to new research. Linoleic acid is found in many dietary sources, including red meat, various cooking oils... Read more