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Clinical Times: June 2008

Risk factors for eating disorders vary by gender

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine | 27 June 2008 | Nutrition

Risk factors for binge eating and purging may vary between boys and girls and by age group in girls, according to a new report. In the study, doctors analysed data from 1996 to 2003 in 6,916 girls and 5,618 boys... Read more

Availability of two options for repair of ruptured aneurysm can reduce mortality

Archives of Surgery | 26 June 2008 | Cardiovascular

Availability of two options for repair of ruptured aneurysm can reduce mortality. Having two options available for the repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms is associated with improvement in overall survival after surgery, according to a new report. Most patients... Read more

Weight gain can lead to kidney disease

26 June 2008 | Nutrition

Healthy individuals who gain weight, even to a weight still considered normal, are at risk for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a new study which suggests that CKD should be added to the list of conditions that are... Read more

Study links TZDs to adverse effects

Arch. Intern. Med. | 26 June 2008 | Diabetes

A study has linked thiazolidinediones (TZDs), which are used to treat diabetes, to serious adverse effects. The use of insulin-sensitising thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, and troglitazone) for one year or more was associated with a two- to threefold rise in the... Read more

Ultrasonic instruments produce better results

26 June 2008 | Gastro-intestinal, Genito-urinary

Using ultrasonic surgical instruments is associated with more favourable outcomes when compared with convent-ional instruments for colorectal and gynaecological procedures, according to a new meta-analysis of previously published studies. In the analysis, doctors looked at studies published between 1990 and... Read more

IMB warns of risk of adverse reactions with rosiglitazone

26 June 2008 | Diabetes

The Irish Medicines Board is reminding healthcare professionals to note the precautions and contraindications when prescribing rosiglitazone. Avandia is a medicinal product authorised for use throughout the EU through the European licensing process for the treatment of type II diabetes.... Read more

Infertility: a general practice perspective

Dr Nuala O'Farrell | 26 June 2008 | Women's Health

Dr Nuala O'Farrell on the importance of treating couples attending with primary infertility in a thorough, timely and sensitive manner. Primary infertility can be a source of great pain and anguish and the consultation with the couple must be sensitively... Read more

Rate of hair loss can be rated by standard test

Archives of Dermatology | 25 June 2008 | Men's Health

Performing a standardised 60-second hair count appears to be a reliable method for the assessment of hair shedding, according to a new study. In the study, doctors investigated hair loss in 60 healthy men without evidence of alopecia. All participants... Read more

Vitamin D deficiency linked to heart attacks

Archives of Internal Medicine | 25 June 2008 | Nutrition

Low levels of vitamin D appear to be associated with higher risk of myocardial in-farction in men, according to a new report. Doctors reviewed medical records and blood samples of 454 men who had non-fatal heart attack or fatal heart... Read more

Awareness of PSP badly needed

Dr Angela Wilson | 25 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Dr Angela Wilson writes that the lack of awareness about progressive supranuclear palsy amongst healthcare professionals is the reason why so many cases go undiagnosed. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that gradually robs people of their... Read more

Variations found in appropriateness of surgery in rectal cancer patients

Gut Online First, available at: http://press.psprings.co.uk/gut/june/gt137877.pdf | 21 June 2008 | Cancer, Gastro-intestinal

A substantial proportion of rectal cancer patients are receiving inappropriate surgical care because of wide variations in practice, according to a new UK study. The variation was not associated with how far the disease had advanced or how old the... Read more

Alcoholic liver disease – the tip of a large iceberg

Prof John Crowe | 20 June 2008 | Gastro-intestinal, Nutrition

Prof John Crowe writes about the growing problem of excess alcohol consumption in Ireland and the long-term serious liver problems that can face those who over-indulge. That the Irish have become a nation of heavy drinkers surpassing our European neighbours... Read more

Overweight men - but not women - at risk of osteoarthritis of hip

Online First Annals of Rheumatic Diseases | 20 June 2008 | Men's Health, Musculoskeletal

Men who are overweight or obese are much more likely need a hip replacement for osteoarthritis than men who are of normal weight, new research has found. People who are overweight are known to be more likely to get osteoarthritis... Read more

Rheumatoid arthritis risk curbed by tipple

Online First Annals of Rheumatic Diseases | 19 June 2008 | Musculoskeletal

Alcohol cuts the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis by up to 50 per cent, a new study has revealed.The Scandinavian researchers based their findings on more than 2,750 people taking part in two separate studies, which assessed environmental and genetic... Read more

Pregnancy and incontinence

Dr Sinead Byrne | 19 June 2008 | Gastro-intestinal, Women's Health

Dr Sinead Byrne MD, Consultant Gastroenterologist, Hermitage Medical Clinic, highlights important points regarding faecal incontinence in relation to pregnancy and the post-partum period. Faecal incontinence is the involuntary passage of stool through the anus. Incontinence is devastating and causes fear... Read more

New ways to treat ICU infections

Gary Culliton | 19 June 2008 | Infections & Immunology

Gary Culliton attended the 'Challenges in the Management of Critical Care Infection' meeting, where speakers reported on advances in the treatment of invasive candidiasis and other infections in ICU patients. Dr Daniel Kett, Associate Professor of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller... Read more

St John’s wort not effective for ADHD in kids

JAMA 2008;299:2633-2641 | 18 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Children and teens with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who were treated with the herb St John’s wort did not have any greater improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to those who received placebo, according to a new study. In the study, doctors... Read more

Tackling sleep-wake cycle disorders

Gary Culliton | 14 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Narcolepsy and sleep apnoea were topics broached at a recent Sleep Disorder Symposium in Dublin supported by Cephalon, reports Gary Culliton. Cork University Hospital consultant Neurologist Dr Brian Sweeney at Cork University Hospital spoke about ‘Sleep Disorders in Neurological Disorders’.... Read more

Sleep Apnoea

Gary Culliton | 14 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Dr Catherine Crowe, a Consultant in Sleep Disorders Medicine at the Mater Private Hospital in Dublin, spoke about the ‘Social Aspects of Narcolepsy’. It is estimated that there are around 2,500 patients with narcolepsy in Ireland but the vast majority... Read more

Sleep-wake disorders

Gary Culliton | 14 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

The American Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) has approved the use of modafinil (Provigil) for the management of residual excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with obstructive sleep Apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), Dr John... Read more

Clinical aspects of hypersomnia and narcolepsy

Gary Culliton | 14 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Prof Emmanuel Mignot of the Centre for Narcolepsy at Stanford University in California reviewed clinical aspects of hypersomnia and narcolepsy and especially the diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy, at the Sleep Disorder Symposium on March 28 and 29, at Dublin’s... Read more

Oral HRT doubles risk of clots

BMJ Online First | 14 June 2008 | Cardiovascular

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) given in skin patches may cause fewer blood clots than HRT given orally, according to a report from a new study. Furthermore, women who take the oral form of HRT more than double their risk of... Read more

Mediterranean diet can protect against diabetes

BMJ Online First | 13 June 2008 | Diabetes

The traditional Mediterranean diet provides substantial protection against type 2 diabetes, according to a new study. Current evidence suggests that such a diet has a protective role in cardiovascular disease, but little is known about its role in the risk... Read more

Restoring continence and restoring control

Dr Rory O'Connor | 13 June 2008 | Genito-urinary

Dr Rory O'Connor on the importance of addressing the problem of altered bladder control and helping those with the condition to carry out daily activities with confidence. The Continence Foundation of Ireland, in its soon-to-be- launched National Strategy. Document regarding... Read more

Calls for trial on removing food additives

12 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

A properly supervised trial eliminating colours and preservatives from the diet of hyperactive children should considered a part of the standard treatment, according to a leading Australian expert. Although a substantial body of evidence shows a link between attention deficit... Read more

The fear of fear itself

Dr Aine Tubridy | 12 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Dr Aine Tubridy writes on the wide-ranging, negative effects that panic attacks can have on the lives of those affected by them and how professional psychotherapy can provide an effective treatment. The sudden and all-consuming terror which has become known... Read more

Low testosterone levels not being treated

Archives of Internal Medicine 2008;168:1070-1076 | 11 June 2008 | Genito-urinary

The majority of men with androgen deficiency may not be receiving treatment despite having sufficient access to care, according to a new report. Researchers identified symptoms of androgen deficiency as low libido, erectile dysfunction and osteoporosis and such less-specific symptoms... Read more

Black men less likely to undergo elective aneurysm repair

Archives of Surgery 2008;143:506-510 | 10 June 2008 | Cardiovascular, Men's Health

Black men are less likely than white men to undergo elective surgery to repair abdominal aortic aneurysms, even after accounting for racial differences in rates of developing the disease, according to a new report. According to the report, doctors identified... Read more

Delayed adverse effects may occur after cosmetic injections

08 June 2008 | Skin

Polyalkylimide implants may be associated with infrequent but sometimes severe immune-related adverse effects months following the procedure, according to a new study. In the study, doctors assessed 25 patients who developed adverse effects 12 months or longer after polyalkylimide implant... Read more

Clopidogrel reduces early blood-clot formation

07 June 2008 | Cardiovascular

The anti-platelet drug clopidogrel reduced the frequency of early blood clot formation in new fistulas created for patients requiring dialysis, but did not increase the proportion of these fistulas that subsequently became suitable for use during dialysis, according to a... Read more

Diagnostic uses of MEG technique

05 June 2008 | Women's Health

Dr Saud Alhusaini writes about the many uses of magnetoencephalography as a diagnostic tool and outlines its strengths and limitations as a measurement technique. Magnetoencephalogram is a non-invasive diagnos-tic test that detects and records the neuromagnetic signals (fields) produced by... Read more

Nothing to worry about?

Dr Ross Dunne and Dr Michael McDonough | 05 June 2008 | Mental Health & CNS

Dr Ross Dunne and Dr Michael McDonough report on the burden of anxiety disorders and why we should all be paying more attention to the most common mental health problems which present to doctors. Taken as a whole, anxiety disorders... Read more